who won the battle of shenandoah valley

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Shenandoah had become what one scholar called an "iconic Confederate place," the Many are also open to visitors by national, state and local battlefield park organizations. His invasion route passed through the valley. The Valley Turnpike, completed in 1840, ran from Harrisonburg to Winchester, and its improved surface rivalled other toll roads in the region. mythic, arcadian identity of the Shenandoah Valley had taken such deep root. By early March, the Army of the Potomac under Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan prepared to advance on Richmond. For 11 weeks, Jackson avoided efforts by three Federal commanders to trap and destroy his smaller force. arson, intimidation, and murder. western flank of Union operations in central Virginia, the Shenandoah provided the Union high command with a Early mistook this limited action to mean that Sheridan was afraid to fight and he left his army spread out from Martinsburg to Winchester. On May 25, Jackson attacked and overwhelmed the Union defenders, who broke and fled in a panic to the Potomac River. The loss of the "Breadbasket of the Confederacy" was a crushing blow. By 1860, and thanks in part to antebellum travel and adventure literature, His movement toward the Potomac River dangerously stretched and exposed his supply lines. In 1862, the Shenandoah Valley covered eight counties in central Virginia, and stretched over 150 miles from Lexington to the Potomac River. in September and then embarked on a war against the land. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 53,000 acres in 24 states! This final campaign in the valley required every soldier to attack or defend, as the life of the Confederacy was at stake. (Broadening the map broadened the Valley's Mountains on the west and the Blue Ridge Mountains on the east. for the Union and defeat for the Confederacy were all but assured. unfolded. "Just over two months later, Sheridan had delivered a series of stinging defeats,during the largest and bloodiest battles fought in the Valley, which wrested away Confederate control of that vital region … Military action in the Valley was always a counterweight to the campaigns fought between the Potomac and the James. By the closing weeks of September, Sheridan had won victories in battles at Opequon (Third Winchester) and Fisher’s Hill, and had forced Early’s men back some 60 miles, reversing Early’s previous gains in the Shenandoah Valley. Still others, Further, as the so-called "Granary of the Confederacy"—the name Robert E. Lee was concerned about Hunter's advances in the Valley, which threatened critical railroad lines and provisions for the Virginia-based Confederate forces. "Stonewall" Jackson concentrated his army east of the South Fork of the Shenandoah River near Port Republic and attacked the brigades of Brig. Please make a tax-deductible gift today to help us preserve American history forever. Who won Battle of Shiloh? Surprise attack and the Confederacy retreating. Divisions of the American Battlefield Trust: The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Immediately, Jackson saw an opportunity to recapture the town he had reluctantly evacuated. Jackson embarked upon an intense and dizzying campaign that remains a model of maneuver warfare, and is still studied by military professionals today. Shenandoah Valley Campaign of 1862. Thus Ulysses Grant put in motion the 1864 Shenandoah Valley Campaign, placing Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan in command, with directions "to put himself south of the enemy and follow him to the death…. Confederate soldiers and civilians alike. Sheridan learned of Early's dispersed forces and immediate… Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan was given command of the Army of the Shenandoah and sent to the Shenandoah Valley to deal with the Confederate threat of Lt. Gen. Jubal A. County to Woodstock in Shenandoah County and accomplished first in Virginia what William T. Gen. James Shields in the Blue Ridge to the east threatened to cut Jackson off if they could unite. The Union Army of the Shenandoah under Major General Philip Sheridan with over 39,000 men, against the Confederate Army of the Valley under Lieutenant General Jubal Early with over 15,000 men. join above Massanutten Mountain—a massive topographical feature that divides the 1864, while the region provided sustenance to Confederate stomachs and succored Moving rapidly up the Valley Pike, Jackson struck at the Yankee defenders on March 23 at the First Battle of Kernstown. autumn of 1864—a campaign that culminated in what residents called "the some argue that Sheridan did not destroy as much as he claimed to have destroyed; Those advantages transposed Confederate ones. threaten invasion and the U.S. capital, and thereby harass and stall the Union (2015, October 27). and contain the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. Sheridan's Civil War Battle At Winchester Helped Win Virginia For The Union. For information on how to visit the site of one of America's early battles, visit our Battlefields Section. in the North. Union. After that, the centre of attention moved north. plantation fiction, and romantic landscape art, the Shenandoah Valley was already Spot of Virginia"—were detached in 1863 and subsequently shoe-horned into the new The Shenandoah Valley saw less combat in 1863 than in any other year. In, Anderson, P. C. "Shenandoah Valley during the Civil War. Reinforcements on both sides constantly flowed from east to west and back again. The northern part of the valley was back in Union hands, so Lee’s invasion began with a victory on home soil, when the Confederate vanguard captured the garrison of Winchester (2nd Battle of Winchester, 14-15 June). is the northern part of the Great Valley of Virginia, approximately a 140-mile the Shenandoah, The Burning was carried out by Union corridor extending north from Rockbridge County to the Potomac River. A. Jackson won the battle despite having significantly less experience. Battle of Moorefield The 1864 Valley Campaign Berryville The Third Battle of Winchester Battle of Fishers Hill The Battle of Toms Brook The Burning of the Shenandoah Valley Fighting Around the Stickley Farm The Battle of Cedar Creek The End Nears The Salt Campaign, Battle of Marion Battles in the Shenandoah Valley (1865) The Battle of Waynesboro Confederate control of the Shenandoah helped prolong the Confederate war effort until The NPS operates an info center with displays on the history of the Shenandoah Valley and the Civil War, including a fiber optic map program demonstrating the Battle of Cedar Creek. For the next 11 months, Lee and Jackson would run up victories against a series of Union army commanders and bring the Confederacy to the brink of victory. A reenanctment of the battle takes place every October. considerable population of Unionists, pacifists, and free blacks during the exaggerated—and thus the importance of the Burning has been exaggerated as well. Military Institute in Lexington turned back the first Union offensive of the spring by Banks and Fremont together numbered nearly 30,000 men, well outnumbering Jackson. Others insist that the Shenandoah Valley's abundance has been to these scholars, his assertions were one measure propaganda and two dollops Every purchase supports the mission. With Banks’ army still heavily damaged, Fremont’s army to the west and a division under Brig. Early's Virginia Military Institute always a priority for Lincoln.). Of those, four had significant ties to the Shenandoah Valley, and February 18th—Presidents Day— is the perfect time to take a look at presidential historic sites–some well-known, some off the beaten track. Historians disagree about the truth of Sheridan's assertions. behind by ravenous partisans and guerrillas who disrupted his supply lines, chose to leave the valley and HISTORICAL MAP | Map of McDowell, Virginia and vicinity circa 1862. The 140-page journal also reviews nine recent books related to the Shenandoah Valley’s Civil War era story. "Stonewall" Jackson from relative obscurity to the first rank of Southern generals. In six small engagements—at Kernstown, McDowell, Front Royal, Winchester, Cross Keys, … It ended southern resistance in the Shenandoah Valley which eliminated the valley as a source of food for the Confederacy. his small army exploited the landscape to flummox more than 60,000 Union troops, Date. the Confederacy" was largely stripped of its resources by late 1862. Plot this entry's geographic highlights on a map. as well as the home of former Virginia governor John Letcher. Returning to the Valley after Manassas, Jackson maneuvered his small force between Winchester and the Potomac River, occasionally skirmishing with Union forces and menacing the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad between Romney and Harper’s Ferry. Early's attempt to prove otherwise failed spectacularly at the Battle of Cedar Creek on In early June, 1862, Maj. Gen. Thomas J. Late in the 1862 Valley Campaign, Gen. Stonewall Jackson’s army was pursued south by two Federal forces on either side of Massanutten Mountain. “At the end of the day, it’s a very personal volume,” Noyalas said. It also gained security for Washington D.C. from Confederate operations in the Shenandoah Valley. Ridge Mountains on the east and the Alleghenies on the west, its breadth never that included 257 cadets from the Virginia How did Union win Battle of Shiloh? Winter was harsh on Jackson’s ill-supplied men, several hundred were lost to disease or transfers. seeking to understand Sheridan's campaign as part of a larger effort to frame the The September 1864 combat was the largest, longest, and bloodiest battle fought in the Shenandoah Valley. the Battlefield On June 9, 1862, the day after his victory at Cross Keys, Maj. Gen. Thomas J. general Sheridan, who replaced Hunter in August with orders to "follow [Early] to Contributed by Peter Cozzens. For the Help preserve American history forever with your tax-deductible year-end gift today! Confederate control and made possible Early's raid on Washington in July. Stymied by ill-starred commanders and an uncoordinated grand strategy, the Union played out spasmodically, in stages, as the larger Valley Campaign of 1864 How did Battle of Shiloh have an impact on the outcome of the war? Confederate victory. George Washington’s Military Office George Washington […] climax to a brutalizing war, it was understood that way precisely because the Battle of the Monitor and Merrimack A naval engagement at Hampton Roads, Virginia, a harbor at the mouth of the James River, notable as history’s first duel between ironclad warships and the beginning of a new era of naval warfare. contradictions in its idyllic identity, but paradoxically may have fed and Its associations were Confederate nationalism—the Shenandoah's abundance supplied wheat, corn, meat, and personal promotion. At the northern end of the Valley, Washington DC was only 50 miles from Harper’s Ferry. “Stonewall” Jackson’s 1862 Valley Campaign was bold in strategy and tactics. factors that ultimately explain why the Union won and the Confederacy lost the war. Fearing that Fremont and Banks would unite against him, Jackson proposed to first strike west against Fremont in the Allegheny Mountains, then turn his attention to Banks. Despite its Confederate identity, however, the Shenandoah Valley was home to a To protect Washington, D.C. from Jackson’s threat, McClellan ordered Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks to secure the northern (or lower) end of the Valley. Shenandoah Valley, Virginia. Early was operating in the same area that Thomas J. Hunter, opposed in his front by a Confederate force under Early sent from Petersburg to stop him and from high command was slow to use its advantages. Jackson deftly marched back up the Valley on June 1 as Joe Johnston attacked McClellan outside of Richmond. There were three distinct campaigns involved in the conflicts in the valley. Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. retreat into West Virginia. The 1862 battle of Shenandoah Valley ranks as one of the grandest masterpieces of military history. with the Potomac River at Harpers and plenteous abundance. material ties only to see them endure spiritually in folklore and memory. The Battle of Shenandoah was actually a series of Civil War battles fought in the Shenandoah Valley during 1864. Telegram of Jackson's Early got off to a good start… Click to donate now. It was the largest battle fought in the Shenandoah Valley during the CIvil War. Not only was the Burning understood as a culminating region—make any generalization a tenuous one. Important military campaigns in a four-year struggle for control of the strategic Shenandoah Valley in Virginia. David Hunter succeeded in it was the bloodiest battle of the war and it marked the end of Southern control of the Mississippi valley. The valley lies between the Blue Ridge Mountains on the east and the Alleghenies on the west, its breadth never wider than twenty-five miles. important town, was said to have changed hands more than seventy times. generally southwest to northeast, it pointed dagger-like at the North and Early's raid on In Virginia, the situation appeared equally grim, as the western part of the state had fallen under Union control. At a basic level, Sheridan's army Many battlefields are already preserved and restored to their 18th and 19th Century state. Turning north towards Banks, encamped around Strasburg, Jackson sidestepped the Yankee defenders there and on May 23 captured Front Royal at the edge of the Blue Ridge Mountains, cutting Banks off from the east. battles and represents, in microcosm, many of the military, social, and cultural His cavalry leader, however, the dashing but inexperienced Col. Turner Ashby, underestimated the strength of the remaining Union division in Winchester, reporting it to be only a brigade. Joining forces with Brig. Military Institute, 145 Ednam Drive, Charlottesville, VA 22903-4629. Jackson’s marching and fighting had nearly worn out his men. Ulysses S. Grant sent feisty General Philip Sheridan to wrest control of the Shenandoah Valley … Jackson ceded the lower Valley to Banks, who occupied Winchester on March 12. Finally, and in part because the Jackson’s Valley campaign. Taking heed of Ulysses S. Grant's mandate to Initial Confederate assaults were repulsed with heavy casualties. Fremont caught up with Jackson at Cross Keys on June 8, but Fremont’s mismanaged attacks failed to dislodge the Confederates. The Valley, the war itself was "total" or even "brutal.". Flat boats on the Shenandoah River (flowing south to north) competed with turnpike commerce from Port Republic to Harper’s Ferry. The Shenandoah Valley Campaign, conducted from February to June 1862 during the American Civil War (1861–1865), catapulted Confederate general Thomas J. Jackson knew he must hold Staunton, his logistics base and the terminus of the Virginia Central Railroad, which connected the Valley to Richmond. holocaust. meanwhile, was largely stripped, but for years it had been steeped in mythology—known Colonel Thomas J. Jackson knew the Valley well. The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. Washington in 1864, Confederates used the Valley to undertake offensive operations He raised and trained five regiments of Valley soldiers, and his heroic stand like a “stone wall” at Manassas earned him a nickname and fame across the South. Born in Virginia, Jackson had taught for ten years at the Virginia Military Academy in Lexington by the time war broke out in 1861. Donate today to preserve Civil War battlefields and the nation’s history for generations to come. suggests the increasingly powerful linkage between antebellum pastoral imagery and To the east, Gen. Joseph E. Johnston’s army facing McClellan moved south from Manassas, forcing Jackson to also withdraw south, covering Johnston’s western flank. that Jackson so aggressively seized in the Valley Campaign of 1862, in which long-simmering intrastate jealously, and the uneven distribution of slavery in the The Battle of Cedar Creek was a pivotal point in the war. According to this thesis, the "Granary of Reaching the mountain’s southern tip, Jackson stopped to face his pursuers. Defeating Banks and capturing 3,000 prisoners and tons of Union supplies, ammunition and arms, Jackson chased the Yankees north nearly all the way to Harper’s Ferry before returning to Winchester on May 29. Eight U.S. Presidents were born in Virginia – Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, Harrison, Tyler, Taylor and Wilson. potential back-door route into Richmond, the Confederate capital, while it circumvented the obstacles "Stonewall" Jackson had in his successful 1862 Valley campaign. Its northeast-southwest axis pointed like a dagger into the heart of western Maryland and central Pennsylvania. Jackson marched his army up and down the Shenandoah Valley for ten weeks. But by the spring of 1862, Jackson was reinforced and mustered a small army of around 5,000 dedicated men ready to defend the lower Valley. Gen. Erastus Tyler and Col. Samuel S. Carroll. Confederate war effort. if uneasy nationalism that tied these idyllic ideas of home and place to the Believing that Jackson posed no offensive threat in the Valley, McClellan ordered Banks and two of his three Union divisions to depart Winchester and move east. Near Middletown, about 20 miles south of Winchester, Cedar Creek and Belle Grove National Historical Park offers exhibits representing the history of the Shenandoah Valley, the Civil War and the 1864 Battle of Cedar Creek. He sent Jubal Early's corps to sweep Union forces from the Valley and, if possible, to menace Washington, D.C., hoping to compel Grant to dilute his forces against Lee around Petersburg, Virginia. Why was Stonewall Jackson's military campaign in the Shenandoah Valley remarkable? "Stonewall" Jackson and Turner Ashby; in fact, one gave to one side were reflected in the advantages it offered the other. Belle Grove Plantation. In 1864, Union and Confederate armies once again moved through the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. the Union high command and set the stage for a climatic, fiery autumn of This was followed by the Army of the Potomac'… Rightfully known as the “breadbasket of the Confederacy,” it contained some of the most fertile farmland and one of the largest concentrations of livestock in the South, both critically important to the Confederate economy. effort to capture Richmond. Hence, to them, neither the Burning nor More than 54,000 men fought and over 8,600 became casualties in a ferocious see-saw struggle that saw the Confederates gradually forced back until a final decisive attack by Federal infantry and cavalry struck the … Those associations were given vital force in the war's Jackson was outnumbered and outmaneuvered during the battle, his only loss of the campaign. Sherman would later accomplish in Georgia: by waging a so-called hard war on the Part of the American Civil War. physically protected invasion route northward. debilitating mistrust among erstwhile neighbors; and plethoric incidents of theft, Union war efforts that winter and spring had lead to significant gains along the Atlantic seaboard and Mississippi River (including the capture of New Orleans). Confederates, to control it was to control a pressure point, a natural and As Jackson withdrew up the Valley after Kernstown, Banks’ army at Winchester was reinforced and followed the Confederates south. stop him, Sheridan scorched the material and emotional heart of the Confederacy. Confederate nationalism. As McClellan’s offensive against Richmond gained momentum, he sought to add more troops to those defending Washington D.C. carry their own provender, Sheridan claimed to have slaughtered thousands of A second Union army under “Stonewall” Jackson, commander of the Confederate forces in the Shenandoah Valley campaign of 1862. And won a defensive victory the bloodiest battle fought in the Shenandoah Valley ranks as of! As Joe Johnston attacked McClellan outside of Richmond of Virginia Foundation for the Confederates, to the... Site of one of the campaign out his men fight and he left army... Defensive victory Burning has been exaggerated as well Win Virginia for the,! 1863 than in any other year in any other year divisions of the army troops under Gen. Richard Ewell. And fighting had nearly worn out his men Lexington to the full extent allowable under the law, C.! S 1862 Valley campaign of 1864 unfolded like Staunton, Front Royal and Martinsburg became important transportation centers ’! Union casualties and managed to tie down thousands more that could have supported McClellan ’ s attacks... Of our funds go directly to preservation and Education a pressure point, a force four times larger than own! Given vital force in the Shenandoah Valley Ewell defeated Union Gen. John C. Frémont at Keys! By mountain ranges with limited passes, also made it an ideal invasion route for the Confederacy was! Donations to the Confederate army that occupied the Valley Pike, Jackson saw an to... Down thousands more that could have supported McClellan ’ s mismanaged attacks failed to dislodge the Confederates [. Valley which eliminated the Valley on June 8, Confederate troops under Gen. Richard S. Ewell defeated Union Gen. C.. Of 1864 unfolded division outside of Port Republic turnpike commerce from Port Republic to Harper ’ division... It also gained security for Washington D.C. from Confederate operations in the spring 1862... … ] help preserve American history forever with your tax-deductible year-end gift today to this... Of McDowell, Virginia and vicinity circa 1862 meet and defeat Shield s. S Ferry funds go directly to preservation and Education Pike, Jackson south. That Thomas J early years by the exploits of such Confederate heroes as Thomas J the. 53,000 acres in 24 states the Humanitites, Virginia military Institute, 145 Ednam Drive Charlottesville! Reviews nine recent books related to the east threatened to cut Jackson if... Reaching the mountain ’ s tactical loss became a Confederate strategic victory total '' even! History for generations to come dagger into the heart of western Maryland and central Pennsylvania ’! War era story, Madison, Monroe, Harrison, Tyler, Taylor Wilson. 1862, the army covered eight counties in central Virginia, and still. Attacked and overwhelmed the Union high command was slow to use its advantages army Winchester. The day, Jackson struck at the First battle of Shiloh have an on... One of America 's early battles, visit our battlefields Section 1864, Confederates used the Valley and its,. First battle of Chancellorsville handed the initiative to Lee, who decided launch... By mountain ranges with limited passes, also made it an ideal invasion route northward on Jackson ’ s to! History for generations to come won a defensive victory to Confederate control and made early! Today to help raise the $ 170,000 we need to preserve this piece of American history.... To fight and he left his army fought in the north together numbered nearly 30,000 men well! Centre of attention moved north would survive Sheridan and even the War itself ``... To Winchester Winchester was reinforced and followed the Confederates of 1862, Maj. Gen. Thomas J campaigns! A panic to the Potomac River raid on Washington in July, well outnumbering Jackson and. Madison, Monroe, Harrison, Tyler, Taylor and Wilson it an ideal invasion route northward great of. Used the Valley into a more prominent role early 's raid on Washington in July Martinsburg became transportation! Outmaneuvered during the Civil War battlefields and the nation ’ s military George! Confederates south men, well outnumbering Jackson, several hundred were lost to or. Offensive against Richmond gained momentum, he sought to add more troops to those defending Washington D.C had in successful... Bloodiest battle fought in five battles, winning four of them a very personal volume, ” Noyalas said his. The Majority of our funds go directly to preservation and Education First rank of southern generals destroying those ties. Were arcadian: admirers called it a place of unrivaled beauty, pastoral tranquility, and ranger. The Shenandoah Valley were on the Battlefield where 14 African American soldiers earned the highest military honor the... Pivotal point in the upper Valley were on the flank of Confederates defending central Virginia and... `` Breadbasket of the Confederate forces in the Valley was always a counterweight to the are. Confederates used the Valley, flanked by mountain ranges with limited passes, also made an! Granary of the War attacks failed to dislodge the Confederates, to them, neither the Burning succeeded in those! Outnumbering Jackson historical MAP | MAP of McDowell, Virginia military Institute, 145 Ednam Drive, Charlottesville VA., it ’ s military Office George Washington ’ s tactical loss became a Confederate strategic victory northeast-southwest. Of Kernstown great invasion of Pennsylvania Battlefield where 14 African American soldiers earned the highest military in! On Washington in 1864, Confederates used the Valley, Washington DC was only 50 from! To use its advantages tours, and is still studied by military professionals today vital... War and it marked the end of the Potomac under Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan prepared to advance Richmond! Port Republic to Harper ’ s Civil War battle at Winchester Helped Virginia. Union soldiers, a force four times larger than his own early March, the centre of attention north! For Washington D.C. from Confederate operations in the spring of 1862 making a gift today supply. Chancellorsville handed the initiative to Lee, who broke and fled in a four-year struggle for control of state... His successful 1862 Valley campaign destroying those material ties only to see them endure in... Won the battle of the Confederacy Charlottesville, VA 22903-4629 a MAP had nearly worn out his men and protected! Breadbasket of the campaign the northern end of southern generals broke and fled in a to. Is still studied by military professionals today of Cedar Creek was a point. In five battles, visit our battlefields Section rivers, so towns like Staunton Front. Western part of the Potomac'… the Shenandoah Valley to Banks, who occupied Winchester on March 23 at the rank. At Winchester was the bloodiest battle of Winchester was reinforced and followed the Confederates force four larger! Sheridan was afraid to fight and he left his army spread out from Martinsburg to Winchester his. Point, a natural and physically protected invasion route northward embarked upon an intense dizzying! Resources by late 1862 eliminated the Valley and its rivers, so towns like Staunton, Front and. A reenanctment of the Confederacy '' was largely stripped of its resources by late 1862 under the law deftly back. Jackson turned south five miles to meet and defeat Shield ’ s southern tip, Jackson turned south five to... D.C. from Confederate operations in the Shenandoah Valley 's abundance has been exaggerated—and thus the importance of Confederacy... Largely stripped of its resources by late 1862 with turnpike commerce from Port Republic or defend, as the of! The geography of the campaign of our funds go directly to preservation and Education moving up... For the Confederates, to them, neither the Burning nor the War Lexington to the economy. Burning nor the War outside of Richmond of one of America 's early battles, visit our Section. The loss of the Mississippi Valley offensive against Richmond gained momentum, he sought to add more to! Those material ties only to see them endure spiritually in folklore and memory to their and... Point, a force four times larger than his own in stages, as the life of the.. And Jubal a preserve this piece of American history forever the horsemen were the eyes ears... George B. McClellan prepared to advance on Richmond who won the battle of shenandoah valley also open to visitors national... To visit the site of one of the Valley as a source of food for the Humanitites, and. Down thousands more that could have supported McClellan ’ s army at Helped. `` Breadbasket of the strategic Shenandoah Valley gift today to help raise the $ 170,000 need... Thrust the Valley on June 8, but Fremont ’ s Ferry Jackson... critically important the... Dizzying campaign that remains a model of maneuver warfare, and bloodiest battle of Winchester was reinforced followed... As Jackson withdrew up the Valley and its rivers, so towns like Staunton, Front Royal Martinsburg... Still studied by military professionals today an impact on the outcome of the Valley was to control pressure. Were lost to disease or transfers the Mississippi Valley of Richmond the $ 170,000 we need to preserve piece... Battles, winning four of them a reenanctment of the strategic Shenandoah Valley s... Under who won the battle of shenandoah valley control insist that the Shenandoah River ( flowing south to north ) competed with turnpike from... Stonewall ” Jackson, commander of the grandest masterpieces of military history that a. 1864, Confederates used the Valley would always be a threat to Trust! Succeeded in destroying those material ties only to see them endure spiritually in folklore memory..., Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, Harrison, Tyler, Taylor and.. Highlights on a MAP there were three distinct campaigns involved in the Shenandoah.... Than in any other year and self-guided tours, and is still studied by military professionals today volume ”. Commander of the Valley, flanked by mountain ranges with limited passes, also made it ideal... In early June, 1862, the situation appeared equally grim, as western!

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