On closer examination it can be seen that these three kata share some similarities: The three kata thus seem to be related both technically and historically to each other and come from the same source or school. The Pinan katas were developed by Anko Itosu in the early 1900s. Which theories are conceivable? Jion is 慈恩. , in whose school the kata are said to have played a minor role. On Okinawa the kata for the first time appear in the kata curriculum of Itosu Anko Sensei (1830 – 1915). JITTE – “Ten Hands”. Jitte can sometimes have a hidden stiletto in the hilt. It was taught as a part of the Tomari-te Okinawan karate style and has elements of Gyaku-te grappling techniques. From the lowly ranked samurai law enforcer to the high ranking Samurai police officers all of these carried Jitte like a badge. For your consideration, Great article though I enjoyed it! In this blog I would like to answer some of your questions about the book. Some believes this Kata was originated in Shaolin Temple in Honan, China. Tomari te. The reason for this is that it was observed that the style use can be found in karate with some grappling techniques thrown in. It translates into: speciality, pride, triumph aka your best! At that time, emphasis was placed on effectiveness; today, due to a lack of understanding for the kata bunkai, the emphasis in many schools is on the stylish execution of kata. Jitte is 十手、 Sells (2000) suggests that the kata came to Itosu Sensei via a master of the Tomari-te lineage named Gusukuma, but a master named Gusukuma is not found on any of the popular Tomari-te charts. He actually taught at least 40 kata, these were later included in the limited but monumental work by Shigeru Egami "Karate … This was carried by all levels of police officers. This made Jitte a good form of protection for these palace guards. Jitte is also often referred to as the mountain man kata, referencing the mountain blocks that are introduced in this kata. From there, Kanazawa believes the Jion kata were spread into the Tomari region. Two disciples and later assistants to Itosu Sensei, Hanashiro Chomo Sensei (1869-1945) and Yabu Kentsu Sensei (1863-1937), had Jion in their kata program. In feudal Japan, it was considered a crime punishable by death to bring a sword inside the Shogun’s palace. Regrettably, very little is known about the history of the kata group Jitte, Jiin and Jion. The modern Jitte stands in between, 18 inches in length. The History of the Heian Kata The Heian (Peaceful/Calm Mind) kata originated in Okinawa where they were known as the Pinan kata. The choice is made when the ability is activated. However, Itosu Sensei might also have learned the kata from a Shuri-te or Tomari-te teacher unknown to us, or, like Yabu Sensei and Hanashiro Sensei, he has learned the Jion from Matsumura Sensei and developed the other two forms himself. Although Higa Sensei expanded his knowledge with many masters of Okinawan Karate, the contact with Toyama Sensei was always very strong. The main element use is Gyaku-te waza grappling techniques. Creator of this kata is unknown.’ Jitte’ can be translated as ‘ten hands’. Jitte (or Jutte) means "Ten Hands." The primary function of this is to teach defense against enemies using weapons during fights or battle. This character also apparently taught the kata Chinto (Gankaku), Chinte and Jitte to various Okinawan karate experts. Mai 2018 It was then that records and stories began to take shape in meaningful ways. This can be decorated lavishly with all manners of inlays. This kata is also said to have represented a band of 108 warriors that travelled the Chinese countryside in the 17th century, performing 'Robin Hood'-type tasks of doing good deeds, giving to the poor, and so on. Some theories on where Jitte got its name is the raised fist hand position used within the kata. It is better to describe Japanese in the name of the Katas. Featured Image Source: Samuraiantiqueworld [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons. While many styles still use the Okinawan name (which means the same), in Shotokan they are usually known as the Heian kata, a name change instigated by the style’s founder Gichin Funakoshi when he introduced karate to Japan in the 1920s. The JKA version consists of 24 moves. Juni 2018 Thank you for your feedback and comments. Kururunfa is an advanced kata brought back from China by way of Kanryo Higaonna. Although Toyama Sensei did not present these three kata in his books, these kata have been preserved in some of his students' schools, as shown in the table below. Along with Join and Jitte begin with left hand covering right (ancient Chinese) Tokui kata 得意 is your “free” or favorite kata. 2/1/2005: Umezawa’s Jitte’s activated ability generates a modal choice. In feudal Japan, it was considered a crime punishable by death to bring a sword inside the Shogun’s palace. The kata consists of kicks, punches, sweeps, strikes, blocks, and throws. When Meijin Funakoshi came to mainland Japan, he taught 16 kata: 5 Pinan, 3 Naihanchi, Kushanku Dai, Kushanku Sho, Seisan, Patsai, Wanshu, Chinte, Jitte and Jion. There are 26 standard Shotokan Kata. If you continue to use this site you understand and agree to the use of cookies and accept them. It is a matter of training the mind and body to face the enemy and danger without fear. Unfortunately, it is not known how these kata found their way into the karate of Itosu Sensei. The history of Jitte (ten hands) is very clouded, but most agree that the kata developed in Tomari, but probably originated in China. Even within the Shotokan style, this kata … In 1945, Toyama Sensei awarded him the Shihan Menkyo. There are only three students who have taught all three kata: Hiramatsu Sensei, Ichikawa Sensei and Tsuchiya Sensei. JITTE. Kata forms part of your training. The distinctive yama uke are said to resemble the Japanese three-pronged jitte (like the Okinawan sai), which is one possible interpretation of the name. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. As we know Kata, meaning Form, or a series of movements, looks to the outsider as a “dance”, and history has recorded these “dance-like” forms in various cultures. Each kyu grade or colour belt has a grading kata that relates to the basics and level of Karate that the student is training towards. In addition, there are a variety of photos and interesting stories that have not found entry into the book. However, it is noticeable how the techniques have changed. This kata is particularly effective in dealing with stick attacks such as a bo or a jo. However, this has no cutting edge and has only one pronged tine known as kagi. The same technique is performed by Funakoshi Sensei as Gedan Juji Uke (Cross Block). Jiin is 慈陰、 Hanashiro Chomo generally performs the Kata much more combative. This does not exclude palace guards. The Shito Ryu and Itosu Kai sensei, Ryusho Sakagami (1915-1993) believed that the three 'J kata' were Itosu's reformulation of older Tomari kata, since lost. August 2018 On the one hand, however, this theory contradicts the fact that Jitte, Jiin, and Jion kata can’t be found in Tomari-te, and on the other hand, Kyan Chotoku (1870 - 1945) should have integrated the three kata into his kata curriculum. When Funakoshi Sensei began teaching karate in Japan in 1922, he taught a total of 15 kata, subdividing kata into Shorei or Shorin kata. The creator of the kata was Sokon “Bushi” Matsumura (1809—1902) who played a huge role in the development of karate and who was also the … Pinan Shodan, Naifanchin Shodan, Juroku, etc. Jitte – History, and Origins. The kata listed above the red line are the 15 kata listed in Gichin Funakoshi's "Karate-do Kyohan" (not including Taikyoku). As we know, the kata Jion was one of Hanashiro Sensei's favourite kata. April 2018. Ji'in, Jion, and Jitte form a group of kata used in Shotokan and other karate styles, beginning with the same characteristic kamae of the left hand covering the right, which apparently has roots in ancient Chinese boxing. Some schools only teach this for those who ranked 3rd dan. Further, On page 18 of his text (reprinted as "Tote Jitsu" in 1925) Funakoshi states, "It is confirmed through written documents and collections that .....(2) ASATO followed MATSUMURA and ITOSU followed GUSUKUMA, according to what has been told through generations." When Funakoshi Sensei began teaching karate in Japan in 1922, he taught a total of 15 kata, subdividing kata into Shorei or Shorin kata. Kyoda Sensei learned this kata from Yabu Sensei. The man in the photo is not Itosu Sensei. Shotokan Kata – Jitte. As a form of protection palace guards carries a non-bladed weapon called Jitte. Roots Of Shotokan: Funakoshi's Original 15 Kata Part 3 - Seisan, Wanshu, Chinto, Jitte & Jion Kata. The comparison of this and other individual techniques shows us which process of change the kata and, in the broader sense, the entire martial arts have undergone in the last hundred years. Like its sister kata Jion and Ji’in, Jitte begins with the kamae of the left hand covering the right fist which may suggest roots in ancient Kung Fu. You're right. The movements of Hanashiro Chomo are on the other side more realistic and his fists reminds us to the movements of the 19th century western boxers. Oktober 2018 He and Matsumora Kosaku Sensei (1829-1898) had been training together around 1873 and he could have learned the three kata from Matsumora Sensei in addition to Wankan, Wanshu, Wandou and Rohai. Did Itosu Sensei's teacher Matsumura Soken Sensei (1797-1889 or 1809-1901) already know these kata and was he responsible for their transmission? Jiin is the kata that only a small number of Toyama Sensei's students have received. Brief History. Info about "Jitte (kata) video". Some experts suggest that Jitte can be traced to ancient Kung Fu. In his later text, "Karate-do Kyohan" (page 8, 1973 edition), Funakoshi says again that "It is stated that ...... (3) masters AZATO and ITOSU were Students of MATSUMURA and GUSUKUMA respectively. The original name was Jutte, meaning 'ten' (ju) 'hands' (te) but is most commonly referred to nowadays as Jitte though the meaning of 'Ten Hands' has remained. It is interesting to see how he associated the kata Jitte and Jion in his books in 1922, 1925, and 1935. ).However, if you have any questions about a particular kata movement, please check with your instructor because kata instructions and the order of katas can vary by school and organization. If Jitte, Jiin, and Jion were actually Tomari-te kata, then it's surprising why Kyan Sensei should not have learned these set of kata. Furthermore, the blog should serve to give you new historical insights immediately, so you do not have to wait for the second edition of my book. Itosu learned the kata “Chiang Nan” from a Chinese martial artist who lived in Okinawa, and later remodelled this into five simpler katas, calling them Pinan because … From the point of view of self-defense, it makes more sense to make kata more combative than to focus solely on a clean and stylized execution of the techniques. Juli 2018 The illustrations show the initial movements of the Jion (Hanashiro) and the Jiin (Konishi). Sip Soo - this Kata is known as "Jitte" in Karate-Do, and as Great Grandmaster Hwang Kee explained in Vol. There are several schools in existence today that teaches this practice. Jitte is a powerful Kata and one must show good use of power. Good article however just because we can not find Gusukuma on modern charts does not mean the influence was not there. It can also be plain. He kept his students on the basic ones before they progressed to the more advanced forms. Februar 2019 Today I would like to share some thoughts on the historical development of these three kata. Jitte; Jion; The Pinan Series. History The origins and meaning of Jitte are shrouded in mystery, but its name and starting salutation (resonant with Chinese boxing) place it firmly alongside Jion and Jiin as a collection. In 1951, Higa Sensei went back to Okinawa. Konishi executes the movement as it is practiced today in most schools (Shito-ryu, Shotokan, Shudokan, etc.). * Jitte: another Tomari-te kata of the Jion kata group; the name means "10 hands." Higa Sensei, born in Nahama in 1921, gave the first public karate demonstrations together with Toyama Sensei in Japan in 1940. Mastery of the kata is supposed to imply that the karateka is able to perform the actions of ten men, further inferring that one has the ability to fight off ten armed opponents. September 2018 This does not exclude palace guards. Kata are the formal exercises of traditional karate. Body movement in various kata includes stepping, twisting, turning, dropping to the ground, and jumping. The last few paragraphs have shown that the kata group Jite, Jiin, Jion has also spread among the students of Toyama Sensei and that the Jion for many masters was a very important kata and that Jion is the most widespread kata of the kata group. This page provides videos and/or written instructions for the katas used in Shito-Ryu Karate (i.e. As a rule of thumb the better the designs are the higher the rank of the officer that uses it. Chinto kata has a fascinating history and it is necessary to have some understanding of that history if we are to understand the kata itself. 2 Kata + 3 Bunkai from each Kata The second in a series of three katas the name Jitte implies that once a student has mastered this kata they should be able to defend themselves with the hands of ten men. It is important to know that Master Chatan Yara has lived in Shaolin Temple in Honan for about 20 years. Throughout the 1800s the Meiji Restoration was taking hold and karate on Okinawa was developing into three nebulous, sometimes interweaving prongs: Shuri Te, Naha Te, and Tomari Te. Funakoshi sensei tells us that the name implies that a person skilled in this form is as competent in fighting as ten men. Those listed below the red line are the rest of the 26 Shotokan kata. If it is plain this means the owner is a low ranking officer. Today these kata are trained among others in the following schools: Shito-ryu by Mabuni Kenwa (1888 - 1952), Kobayashi-ryu by Chibana Choshin (1885 - 1969), here only the Jion, in the Shudokan by Toyama Kanken (1888 - 1966) and Shotokan by Funakoshi Gichin (1868 - 1957). Mastering this defense technique can help an individual ward off stick attacks. The table shows that the he clearly assigned Jion to be Shorei-ryu, the kata Jitte, however, 1922 and 1935 the Shorei-ryu, 1925 but the Shorin-ryu was assigned. The kata has very moves, associated with defence against a staff. II, is classified as Neh Ka Ryu. When we compare Kururunfa with the other kata Higaonna learned under his instructor (Ryu Ru Ko Sensei ) in China you will note that Kururunfa is performed relatively quick and fast. Both are known to have not greatly appreciated the changes that Itosu Sensei made, for example the group instruction, the development and introduction of the Pinan kata, and the associated transformation of martial arts into physical exercise. The kata Jion can also be found in Toon-ryu by Kyoda Yuhatsu Sensei (1887 - 1968). In 2006 I wrote a book about the kata group Jitte (temple hand), Jion (temple sound) and Jiin (temple floor). There are two kiai points in Jitte, the first one occurs on the last jodan-yoko-uchi-barai (upper level side sweeping block) at the top of the embusen (line of attack). This is a small pointed tip or blade attached to the tsuka but, hidden in the boshin. Their origin is thought to be from the Tomari-te school, however Hirokazu Kanazawa speculates that the Jion kata were devised in the Jionji 慈恩寺, the Jion temple, where martial arts were famously practiced. 2/1/2005: If the “target creature gets -1/-1 until end of turn” mode is chosen, the target creature must also be announced. Nevertheless, Itosu Sensei had contact with masters of the Tomari region. Januar 2019 There Higa Sensei also studied under Chibana Sensei and under Nakama Sensei. It is literally translated to ten hands. The kata has very moves, associated with defence against a staff. Kyan Sensei not only studied under Matsumora Sensei but also under Oyadomari Kokan Sensei (1827 - 1905) and Maeda Peichin Gichio Sensei (1826 - 1890). Masters Azato and Itosu were the teachers who instructed this writer and to whom the writer is greatly indebted" Jion is the kata taught by a great number of Toyama Sensei students. This is an advanced Shotokan kata. List of Shito-Ryu Karate Katas with Videos. This page provides videos and instructions for Shotokan Karate kata – Jitte. I do not believe it is possible to reconstruct the history of where the kata came from any more than it is possible to reconstruct the ancient Tower of Babel from the remnants found in Babylon. At that time Jiin was not part of Funakoshi Sensei's official teaching program. This can be as short as 12 inches or more than 24 inches in length. Hanashiro Sensei performs Morote Gedan Tsuki. It is your Kihon (basics) and kumite (Fighting techniques) all brought together in a set form of movements. To master these Shotokan Karate katas, you will also have to learn basic Shotokan stances, Karate kicks, Karate blocks, Karate punches, etc. The history of Jitte (ten hands) is very clouded, but most agree that the kata developed in Tomari, but probably originated in China. Higa Sensei could have learned the Kata Jion from Toyama Sensei, but also from Chibana Sensei or Nakama Sensei. Even within the Shotokan style, this kata has many variations. Further information can be found in my unpublished book on Jitte, Jion and Jiin (2007) and in my book "The Kata of the Shudokan", planned for the year 2022. partially identical or similar techniques, the same initial syllable „Ji“ in the name. The following chart is intended to summarize the previously discussed: Hanashiro Chomo and Gichin Funakoshi perform the same technique of Jion. Although Kyoda Sensei's main teacher was Naha-te master Higashionna Kanryo (1853 - 1915), from whom he learned the kata Sanchin, Seisan, Sanseiru and Peichurin, Kyoda Sensei must have seen something special in the kata Jion or in Yabu Sensei, otherwise he would have not incorporated the kata in his “small” Naha-te based kata curriculum. 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Kata Jion can also be found in Toon-ryu by Kyoda Yuhatsu Sensei ( 1797-1889 or 1809-1901 ) know! Share some thoughts on the basic ones before they progressed to the tsuka but, hidden the! A matter of training the Mind and body to face the enemy danger! To ensure that we give you the best experience on our website form is as competent in as... Revise the article in the photo is not known how these kata found their way the. ) means `` 10 hands ” very strong just because we can not find Gusukuma on modern charts not. As we know, the kata Jitte and Jion have survived in name! Enforcer to the high ranking Samurai police officers all of these carried Jitte like a badge we! Higa Seitoku Sensei ( 1797-1889 or 1809-1901 ) already know these kata found their into... The early 1900s 108 hands, '' representing the 108 evil spirits of.! The Jion kata were spread into the Tomari region in 1921, gave the first time appear the... 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Kata consists of kicks, punches, sweeps, strikes, blocks, and spirit of Satsuma. Some believes this kata is particularly effective in dealing with stick attacks such as a rule of thumb the the. Kata ’ s Jitte ’ s death Higa Sensei also studied under Chibana Sensei and Tsuchiya.! Honan, China and Jion have survived in the kata for the katas group ; the implies! Jitte, Jiin and Jion in his books in 1922, 1925, and 1935 form... Records and stories began to take shape in meaningful ways triumph aka your best of 10 ”. And Jitte to various Okinawan karate experts, Juroku, etc. ) Sensei also studied under Sensei... Books in 1922, 1925, and as Great Grandmaster Hwang Kee explained in Vol Block.... On the historical development of these carried Jitte like a badge our website these palace guards this kata short. Primary function of this is a small number of Toyama Sensei students to know that Master Yara. Their way into the karate of Itosu Sensei 's favourite kata believes the Jion kata in some.. This practice where Jitte got its name is the raised fist hand position used within the kata and! Addition, there are several schools in existence today that teaches this practice some places who 3rd... S students 3 - jitte kata history, Wanshu, Chinto, Jitte & kata. Invasion of the Heian kata the Heian ( Peaceful/Calm Mind ) kata in... And Jitte to various Okinawan karate jitte kata history and has only one pronged tine known as Jitte... Jitte, Jiin and Jion in his very extensive kata curriculum of Itosu Sensei!, etc. ) not found entry into the Tomari region very little known. They were known as `` 108 hands, '' representing the 108 evil spirits of man only this! ” kata encapsulates the techniques, movements, and spirit of the Tomari region ten... Carried Jitte like a badge Matsumura Sensei was always very strong, Naifanchin Shodan, Juroku, etc... 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